Egypt's Pharohs

The term pharaoh was not originally an Egyptian term, it was a term created by the Greeks and Hebrews. It is not sure how many pharaohs there were. There were some pharaohs that were alive before recorded history; and sometimes there was more than one pharaoh ruling at once. The pharaoh was the political, and religious ruler. The pharaohs were considered to be gods on earth; and some pharaohs became famous gods after they die. But all of the Pharaohs were considered gods themselves. The Pharaohs were worshiped, there were many pictures and images of the pharaoh found in ancient Egypt. Their was even statues built for them.  Their was two parts of Egypt. When the Pharaohs died, they were berried in extravagant ways. Three of the Pharaohs were buried in the great Pyramids of Gaza.  There was an upper and lower Egypt. Each part of Egypt had its own rulers, and the Pharaoh was the ruler of it all.  The time of the ancient Egyptians is broken up into 31 dynasties. The period of pharaohs was from 3050 BC. In the first dynasty 332 BC, in the second dynasty. Their were 342 know pharaohs in Egypt, but there probably was many more unknown ones.


Most of the Pharaohs were Male. There were some that were female. the most known female was Hatshepsut. Hatshepsut ruled in the 18th dynasty, In Egyptian culture, the females carried the royal blood. So for a man to become Pharaoh, he had to marry a royal daughter. Hatshepust did not get married before she became Pharaoh, so she was the one who had the royal blood.


First dynasty (c.3100-c.2890)
Narmer (Menes?)
Aha
Djer
Djet
Den (Udimu)
Anedjib (Enezib)
Semerkhet
Qaa




Anonymous king of the third dynasty (from J. Baines & J. Málek, Atlas of ancient Egypt, 1991; ©!!!)
Second dynasty (c.2890-c.2686)
Hetepsekhemwy
Nebra
Ninetjer
Weneg
Sened
Peribsen
Sekhemib (identical to Peribsen?)
Khasekhemwy
Old kingdom
Third dynasty (c.2686-c.2613)
Sanakhte Nebka
Netjerikhet Djoser
Skhemkhet
Khaba
Huni (Nisuteh)


Chefren (©!!!)
Fourth dynasty (c.2613-2494)
Nebmaat Snefru
Medjedu Khufu (Cheops)
Kheper Redjedef
Userib Khafra (Chephren)
Kaykhet Menkaura (Mycerinus)
Shepsesykhet Shepseskaf


Fifth dynasty (c.2494-c.2345)
Irmaat Userkaf
Nebkhau Sahura
Userkhau Neferirkara Kakai
Sekhemkau Shepseskare Isi
Neferkhau Nefrefre
Isetibtowy Neuserre
Menkhau Menkauhor Akauhor
Dejedkhau Djedkara Isesi
Wadjtowy Unis
Sixth dynasty (c.2345-2181)
Seheteptowy Teti
Userkare
Merytowy Meryra Pepy I
Ankhkhau Merenre Antiemsaf
Netjerkhau Neferkara Pepy II
Netjerykara
Neithokerti
First intermediate period
Seventh dynasty (c.2181-c.2173)
Nine kings?
Eighth dynasty (c.2173-c.2160)
Six kings?
Ninth and tenth dynasty (c.2160-2040)
Meryibra Akhtoy I
Nebkaura Akhtoy II
Wahkare Akhtoy III
Merikara
Eleventh dynasty (2133-1963)
Tepia Mentuhotep I
Sehertowy Inyotef I
Wahankh Inyotef II
Nakhtnebtepnefer Inyotef III
Nebhepetra Mentuhotep II (Smatowy)
Sankhkara Mentuhotep III
Nebtowyre Mentuhotep IV


Senusret III (Nelson-Atkins museum, New York; ©!!!)
Twelfth dynasty (1963-1787)
Sehetepibra Amunemhet I 1963-1934
Kheperkara Senusret I 1934-1899
Nubkaura Amunemhet II 1901-1867
Khakheperra Senusret II 1869-1862
Khakaura Senusret III 1862-1844
Nymara Amunemhet III 1843-1798
Makhurera Amunemhet IV 1797-1790
Sobhkara Sobknofru 1789-1787


Middle kingdom
Thirteenth dynasty (Middle Egypt) (1786-c.1648)
Many kings, a.o.:
Khutawyra Wegaf 1785-1783
Sankhibra Ameny Inyotef Amunemhet
Auibra Hor
Sekhemra Khutawy Amunemhet Sobekhotep II c.1750
Userkara Khendjer
Sekhemra Sewadjtawy Sobekhotep III
Khasekhemra 1741-1730
Neferhotep 1741-1730
Sihathor 1741-1730
Khaneferra Sobekhotep IV c.1725
Merneferra Ay c.1705
Sekhemra Sankhtawy Iykernofret Neferhotep
Second intermediate period
Fourteenth dynasty (Lower Egypt) (c.1720-c.1648)
Many kings, a.o.:
Aasehra Nehesy
Fifteenth dynasty ('Hyksos') (c.1648-1540)
Many kings, a.o.:
Shalek c.1640
Bnon
Apachnan
Suesenra Khyan c.1620
Auserra Apepi 1595-1550
Asehra Khamudy 1550-1540
Sixteenth dynasty ('Hyksos') (c.1648-1540)
Many kings, a.o.:
Anather
Yakobaam
Seventeenth dynasty (Upper Egypt) (c.1648-1540)
Nubkheperra Intef c.1640
Sekhemra Wadjkhau Sobekemsaf
Senachtenra Taa I c.1580
Seqenenra Taa II c.1565
Wadjkheperra Kamose 1545-1541


Akhenaten (Louvre, Paris)
New kingdom
Eighteenth dynasty (1540-1295)
Nebpehtyra Ahmose 1540-1515
Djeserkara Amenhotep I 1515-1494
Aakheperkara Thutmose I 1494-1482
Aakheperenra Thutmose II 1482-1479
Maatkara Hatshepsut 1479-1457
Menkheperra Thutmose III 1479-1425
Aakheperura Amenhotep II 1427-1401
Menkheperura Thutmose IV 1401-1391
Nebmaatra Amenhotep III 1391-1353
Neferkheperura Waenre Akhenaten 1353-1336
Ankhkhepura Smenkhkara 1338-1336
Nebkheperura Tutankhamun 1336-1327
Kheperkheperura Irmaat Ay 1326-1322
Dsjeserkheperura Setepenra Horemheb 1322-1295


Ramses II (British Museum, London)
Nineteenth dynasty (1295-1188)
Menpehtyra Ramses I 1295-1293
Menmaatra Sety I 1293-1279
Usermaatra Setepenra Ramses II 1279-1213
Baenra Merynetjeru Merenptah 1213-1203
Userkheperura Setepenra Sety II 1203-1196
Menmira Amenmesse
Akhenra Setepenra Siptah 1196-1190
Sitra Meryamum Tausret 1190-1188




Ramses III (©!!!)
Twentieth dynasty (1188-1069)
Userhaura Setepenra Setnakht 1186-1184
Usermaatra Meryamun Ramses III 1184-1152
Heqamaatra Ramses IV 1152-1146
Usermara Sekheperenra Ramses V 1146-1142
Nebmaatra Meryamun Ramses VI 1142-1134
Usermara Meryamun Setepenra Ramses VII 1134-1133
Usermara Akhenamun Ramses VIII 1133-1126
Neferkara Setepenra Ramses IX 1126-1107
Khepermara Setepenra Ramses X 1107-1098
Menmaatra Setepenptah Ramses XI 1098-1069


Third intermediate period
Twenty-first dynasty (Tanis) (1070-945)
Hedjkheperra Setepenra Nesbanebdjed (Smendes) 1069-1043
Khakheperra Setepenamun Pinudjem I 1054-1032
Amenemnisu 1043-1039
Aakheperra Setpenamun Pasebakhaenniut Psusennes I 1039-991
Usermaatra Meryamun Setepenamun Amenemope 993-984
Osochor 984-978
Netjkerheperra Setepenamun Siamun 978-959
Titkeperura Setepenra Pasebakhaenniut Psusennes II 959-945


Osorkon I (Louvre, Paris)
Twenty-second dynasty (Bubastis) (945-715)
Hedjkheperra Setepenra Sheshonq I 945-924
Sekhemkeperra Setepenra Osorkon I 924-889
Heqakheperra Setepenra Sheshonq II 890
Usermara Setepenamun Takelot I 889-874
Usermara Setepenamun Osorkon II 874-850
Hedjkheperra Setepenamun Harsiese 870-860
Hedjkheperra Setepenra Takelot II 850-825
Usermara Setepenra Sheshonq III 825-773
Usermara Setepenra Pimay 773-767
Akheperra Setepenra Sheshonq V 767-730
Akheperra Setepenamun Osorkon IV 730-715


Twenty-third dynasty (Leontopolis) (818-715)
Usermara Setepenamun Pedubast I 818-793
Usermara Setepenamun Iuput I 804-783
Usermara Meryamun Sheshonq IV 783-777
Usermara Setepenamun Osorkon III 777-749
Usermara Setepenamun Takelot II 754-734
Usermara Setepenamun Rudamun 734-731
(Usermara Setepenamun?) Iuput II 731-715
Usermara Setepenamun?) Sheshonq VI 720-715


Taharqo (British museum, London)
Twenty-fourth dynasty (Sais) (740-715)
Tefnakht 740-727
Shepsesra Tefnakht 727-720
Wahkara Bakenranef 720-715
Twenty-fifth dynasty (Nubians) (712-671)
Alara
c.780-760
Maatra Kashta
c.760-747
Usermara Sneferra Piye
c.747-c.716
Neferkara Shabaqo
c.716-c.702
Djedkaura Shebitqo
c.702-c.690
Nefertumkhura Taharqo
c.690-664
Bakara Tanwetamani
664-after656


Aššurbanipal (British museum, London)
Assyrian occupation (671-664)
Esarhaddon 671-669
Aššurbanipal 668-664
Twenty-sixth dynasty (Saites) (664-525)
Mencheperre Nekau (Necho I)
672-664
Wahibra Psamtik I (Psammetichus I)
664-610
Wehemibra Nekau (Necho II)
610-595
Neferibra Psamtik II (Psammetichus II)
595-589
Ha'a'ibra Wahibra (Apries)
589-567
Chenibra Amose-si-Neith (Amasis)
570-526
Anchkaenra Psamtik III (Psammetichus III)
526-525


Cambyses and the Apis (From G. Posener, La première domination Perse en Egypte, 1936; ©!!!)
Late period
Twenty-seventh dynasty (Achaemenids) (525-404)
Cambyses II
525-522
Darius I the Great
522-486
Xerxes I
486-465
Artaxerxes I Makrocheir
465-424
Darius II Nothus
423-404


Twenty-eighth dynasty (404-399)
Amyrtaeus
404-398
Twenty-ninth dynasty (399-380)
Nef'aurud I (Nepherites I)
398/397-392/391
Userra Setepenptah Psimut (Psammuthis)
392/391
Maatchnumra Setepemchnum Hakor (Achoris)
392/391-379
Nef'aurud II (Nepherites II)
379/378


Nectanebo II (Rijksmuseum van Oudheden, Leiden)
Thirtieth dynasty (380-343)
Kheperkare Nakhtnebef (Nectanebo I)
378-361/360
Irmaatenra Djeho (Teos)
361/360-359/358
Nakhthorhebe (Nectanebo II)
359/358-342/341
Second Persian occupation (342-332)
Artaxerxes III Ochus
343-332
Artaxerxes IV Arses
338-336
Darius III Codomannus
336-332


Thirty-first dynasty (331-323)
Alexander the Great
331-323


Cleopatra (Musei Vaticani)
Ptolemaic kings (323-30)
Ptolemy I Soter
323-282
Ptolemy II Philadelphus
282-246
Ptolemy III Euergetes
246-222
Ptolemy IV Philopator
222-204
Ptolemy V Epiphanes
205-180
Ptolemy VI Philometor
181-145
Ptolemy VIII Euergetes Physcon
145-116
Cleopatra III
116-101
Ptolemy IX Soter Lathyros
116-107
Ptolemy X Alexander
107-88
Ptolemy IX Soter Lathyros
88-81
Ptolemy XI Alexander
80
Ptolemy XII Auletes
80-58
Berenice IV
58-55
Ptolemy XII Auletes
55-51
Ptolemy XIII
51-47
Ptolemy XIV
47-44
Cleopatra VII Philopator
44-30


King Tutankhamen, or King Tut as you might know him, lived from 1341 BC to 1323 BC. He ruled in Egypt during the time of the “New Kingdom”. King tut was nine years old when he became. He rained for ten years, so he was 19 years old when he died. It is not know how he died, but there is a rumor of the mummy’s cruse. Most of the people who go near king Tut’s tomb died right after.

The Mycenaean

The Mycenaean settled in ancient Greece somewhere between 3000 BC and 2000bc. The Mycenaean came after the Minoan couture; and owe a lot of their cultural development to them. By 1200 they started to abandon their cities, and by 1050 Greece slipped into the dark ages. They live mostly on the hilltops, mostly because the land was mountainous. They had a very good navy, because ocean transport was necessary for movement, so they mastered the sea. They had a very good trade, because the land they lived on was not fertile, and was mountainous; so they could not grow crops on their own. One crop they did have was olive, the major crop that they used for trade. Olive was good for many things including olive oil. They also became known for producing weapons. They used their weapons a lot. They were a war like people, they concord territories by conquest.

http://score.rims.k12.ca.us/activity/mycenaean_Trace/pages/Mycenaeans.html

Geography Shapes Greek Life.

The Greeks lived on a mountainous peninsula. They also had 2,000 islands. sea travel was important for trade. "Greeks did not live on the land, but around the sea". (pg123) All of the different Greek city had there own governments, they could not connect cultures because of the mountainous terrain. 3/4s of Greece is mountainous. Greeks were audible. The Greeks needed trade to service. they lacked farmland, etc. 1/4 of the land was fertile valleys, but they didn't have enough fresh water. Their crops where grains, grapes, and olives. But most of the land was rocky. Greece was never able to support a large population. they were colonizing people. the climate averaged 48 degrees in winter, and 80 in summer; pretty moderate temperature. They always lived outside, they were an active countries.

Chapter 1

Cultures of the mountains and the sea


-The roots of Greek cultures are based on interaction of the Mycenaean, Minoan, and Dorian Cultures.


Greece was not a united country, it was a collection of separate Greek-speaking people. It is a mountainous peninsula setting out in the Mediterranean Sea, with 1,400 islands.

What Im am Looking Forword to in this Class

The history of the world interests me. I actually enjoy learning about how things happened. last year my history teacher was my favorite teacher of all. She would do more activities in class. We learned more because we had fun being taught. I think we should get into little group and right a song about the history we learned. My favorite time period that we will learn is ancient geeks. I like the war stories. We should go on more field trips, because they are fun and informative. i think we should go the Smithsonian museum. It would be a great learning experience.

Fist Post

This is the first post of my new blog. i kinda miss my old one.